Jyotirmai Singh

Physicist, Tinkerer

Bhagavad Gītā 18.15

शरीरवाङ्मनोभिर्यत्कर्म प्रारभते नर: ।
न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा पञ्चैते तस्य हेतव: ।।१५।।

Sanskrit Analysis (Sandhi Removed)
शरीरवाङ्मनोभिर्यत्
śarīravāṅmanobhiryat
śarīra (n. stem) - Body
vāc (f. stem) - Voice
manobhiḥ (n. pl. inst.) - Thoughts
śarīravāṅmanobhiḥ (n. sg. inst. dv.) - By body, voice, and thoughts

yat (n. sg. acc.) - Which
कर्म प्रारभते नर:
karma prārabhate naraḥ
karma (n. sg. acc.) - Action

prārabhate (3sg. pres. ind. mid. of pra + ā + √rabh [1A]) - Begins

naraḥ (m. sg. nom.) - Man
न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा
nyāyyaṃ vā viparītaṃ vā
nyāyyam (n. sg. acc. adj.) - Proper

- Either

viparītam (n. sg. acc. PPP of vi + pari + √i [2P]) - Wrong

- Or (vā-vā - Either-or)
पञ्चैते तस्य हेतव:
pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ
pañca - Five

ete (m. pl. nom.) - These

tasya (m. sg. gen.) - Of this

hetavaḥ (m. pl. nom.) - Factors

Whatever action man begins with body, voice, and thoughts - either proper or wrong - these are its five factors.